Bill Gates The Ultimate Pinnacle Behind The Success Of...

Technology has progressed so far within these last few decades. Before then, people ran much simpler lives, but now it is as if we cannot live 1 day without digital technology surrounding us wherever we may approach. From computers all the way to our handheld cellphones, the advancement of our society is easily discovered. Though, we may have amazing computers of today, these desktops come from a long history. One of the most successful businesses in the industry, Microsoft, was the absolute pinnacle behind the success of such advances today. Behind all of this as well was the philanthropist himself, Bill Gates. Bill Gates, one of the most successful and influencing men in all of human history, was a direct asset to the success of windows, and without him, the world we live could be much more different than it is now. Ever since Bill Gates was a young child, he had always loved computers and the way they function. While enrolled in Seattle’s Lakeside School, his mother was fortunate enough to purchase a machine for the school. This machine was a teletype terminal and Bill Gates immediately took a distinctive romance to the way that computers functioned. While at this school, he met Paul Allen. Later towards the end of school for Bill Gates, he would go into business with Paul and would program together. They were so good at what they did, they netted over $20,000 in terms of profits. Soon after Bill Gates would continue to try and pursue a career and start hisShow MoreRelatedTop 1 Cause for Project Failure65023 Words   |  261 Pagessolid and available for the project manager to resource when problems arise, it often leads to many of the other problems listed above (wrong people in the wrong roles, scope creep, etc.). 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Responsibility and The Dangers of Science in Frankenstein...

The theme of responsibility and the dangers of science are extremely prevalent in the story. Victor does not take care of his creation, and he and the people he loved suffered as a direct result of that. Had Victor done even the littlest thing to help the creature get its feet on the ground, there might have been no harm done to anyone. Everyone around Victor felt the effects of his mistakes. There even are people who feel responsible for what happens because of Victors actions. One does not need to be directly responsible for an incident to receive the blame for its occurrence  (Moss 118). Elizabeth feels she is responsible for Williams death because she gave him the necklace that was on Justine. Victor feels responsible for the death†¦show more content†¦Other scientists, like Darwin, had an immense affect on the world as we know it today. This is only because they took the risk of not knowing what might happen. Although in a way they took it upon themselves to do somet hing that could either harm or help the human race, they were the ones who got things accomplished. But because they were ones that got things accomplished doesnt mean that this group didnt have their failures. These failures were difficult at times, but most knew what they were getting into when they started their work, and they took responsibility for what they did. Frankenstein, on the other hand, did not live up to his end of the bargain when he realized his experiment was a failure. He took no actions to try and correct his mistake until after it was affecting him and the people he loved. Most scientists of this time were well aware of the dangers of science, and what the risks and consequences were, and they reacted to this accordingly. These themes of Frankenstein also relate to a lot of topics in modern times. One of these things is teenage pregnancy. 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Corporate Governance & Corporate Performance-Samples for Students

Question: You are requested to write up a report, which addresses the relationship between Corporate Governance and Corporate Performance. Answer: Introduction: Corporate governance is referred to a system that includes norms, processes and practices through which an organization is controlled and directed. The corporate governance is a balancing system by which the stakeholders of the organization as well as their interests are balanced and managed (Tricker and Tricker 2015). In short, the corporate governance is a way by which the corporation is governed and maintained. The concept of corporate governance implies the harmonization of the various activities within the firm. In other words, the corporate governance keeps the system and organizational activities of the firm healthy and balanced. It must be noted that the corporate governance determines the corporate performance of the firm. In regard to this, the concept of the corporate performance must be cleared. The corporate performance is the composite assessment of the firms execution on its most important business and organizational parameters, typically financial, stakeholders and ma rket performance. Along with this, the corporate performance defines the business intelligence or the business analytics which is concerned with the firms health. The following report will discuss the relationship of corporate governance with the corporate performance with the means of failure in corporate ethics in Murray Goulburn. The report includes the detail discussion of the relationship and the case study of the chosen organization along with proposed recommendations. Relationship between Corporate Governance and Corporate Performance: The scholars have been conducting many researched on the relationship of the corporate governance and the corporate performance over the last two decades. Considering the fact that the corporate performance is dependent on the corporate governance of the firm, it must be understood that any deficiencies in the governance system can lead the firm to lose its grounds in the market. If the corporate governance of the organization does not perform its functions properly, the first crisis will come from the financial aspect of the firm. The failure of the corporate governance is capable of disruption the financial performance of the firm in the competitive market by reducing the profit from the business activities (Aebi, Sabato and Schmid 2012). It must be noted that the corporate governance is influenced by the ownership of the firm to certain extent. For ensuring the proper execution of the corporate governance by the firms, The Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) has set some principles that must be considered by the organization in its organizational activities. The principles are ensuring the effectiveness of corporate governance framework, rights of key ownership and shareholders functions, equitable treatment of the shareholders, role and responsibilities of stakeholders in the corporate governance, transparency and disclosure and the responsibilities of the board (Fernando 2012). All the principles are intended to ensure the proper execution of the corporate performance. It must be understood that the corporate governance varies from firm to firm. Every corporation has its different system of corporate governance. Therefore, there is no perfect system of governing the organizational activities and diversities among the organizational corporate governance of firms are not surprising (Tricker and Tricker 2015). However, the failure in the corporate governance is definitely not intended as the case of Murray Goulburn refers. The failure in the corporate governance not only prevents the firms financial growth, but also disrupts the public image of the firm. The corporate governance of the firm is responsible for maintaining an effective and meaningful relationship with the stakeholders. The maintenance of the meaningful relationship between the firm and stakeholders are considered as the corporate performance of the firm. Therefore, any disobeying any of the proposed principles by OECD can lead an organization to disrupt its relationship with the stakeholders. The following case study will discuss the details of corporate governance ethics failure of Murray Goulburn. Background of the Case Study: The case study of the Murray Goulburns corporate governance failure is one of the biggest case in the dairy industry of Australia which not only disrupted its public image, but also created hazards in the international dairy business. The organization along with one other firm in the dairy industry cut the farmers price without notice, which made many of the farmers sell their cows. Murray Goulburn is considered to the largest milk processor of Australia. The firm slashed purchasing price of the raw materials from the farmers from $6.00/kg to $4.70/kg in April, 2016 (Jasper 2017). After the sudden cut in the price, the scenario of the farmers shows that around half of the farmers sold their cows and left which caused the firm to lose its potential suppliers (Gannon 2017). On the other hand, the company lost is public image along with the revenue. In fact, one of the largest Canadian dairy company is trying to takeover Murray Goulburn for $1.3million (Jasper 2017). Therefore, it is evident that the failure in the corporate governance of the firm not only made company lose its potential suppliers but also completely ruined the companys existence in the competitive international market. Along with this, it is noteworthy that the huge price cut of the milk created a major and severe crisis in the dairy industry of Australia as well as in global market. The following section will discuss the reasons and recommendation of the organizational failure of corporate governance in detail. Deficiencies in Corporate Governance and Ethics of Murray Goulburn: As per the principles of the OECD any firm must maintain the transparency and clarity in the disclosures of the roles and responsibilities of the firm as well as of stakeholders, rights of the key ownership and shareholders functions and equitable treatment of the shareholders. However, it is found from the case study of the Murray Goulburn that the firm did not seem to follow the principles which caused the failure of the firms corporate governance. To match up the steps with the growing market revenue of other competitor companies especially Fonterra, the firm slashed the milks price for the farmers without being aware of consequences of the same (Lockhart, Donaghy and Gow 2016). The deficiencies in the corporate governance implies that the firm has failed to maintain the meaningful relationship with its shareholders. The case study makes it clear that the firm proved itself incapable of providing proper and equitable treatment to its shareholders. The firm cut the price of raw materials without prior notice which led the company as well as the farms to face existential crisis. The predicament of the failure of Goulburns signifies that the firm did not follow the principle that secure the rights of the key ownership and functions of shareholders. In fact, the farmers blamed the company for not informing them about the cut off of the price of milk for which they had been affected severely (Lockhart, Donaghy and Gow 2016). The deficiencies are clear from the discussion which leads the company to breakdown. Circumstances leading to Breakdown: As discussed earlier in the report that the failure in the maintenance of the corporate governance led the firm prove its poor corporate performance in the market. The company establishes a perfect example of the poor corporate performance not only to its potential suppliers but also to the competitor companies and customers. It is evident from the case study that failure of the firms corporate governance has resulted in such a circumstances that led the firm to breakdown. The poor corporate governance of the organization has affected its suppliers. The sudden cut off of the milks price had negatively impacted the farmers in terms of not having affordability to have the cows (Lockhart, Donaghy and Gow 2016). The farmers could not afford the maintained of the cows because of almost nil profit out of the selling of milks. The farmers were ill-treated by the firm and they had to sell their cows in order to recover the loss from the cut off of milks price. Eventually the farmers left the firm which made the firm lose its primary suppliers which resulted into the breakdown of the company in the competitive international market (Gannon 2017). In regard to this, the ineffectiveness of the corporate ethics of Murray Gould can also be considered as the reason for the organizational breakdown. Organization Failure: Considering the fact of corporate governance failures, the firm shows its organizational failure on terms of whistle blowing. The whistle blowing is an act of opposing the unethical and illegal practice of the firm and making the stakeholders aware of the same. It is clear from the case study that the firm does not properly follow the OECD principles of the corporate governance. However, it is also found that the company also does consider the disclosure of the whistleblower protection. Therefore, the employees are afraid of lodging any complaint about the company unethical practice. In addition, it also must be noted that the employees are also not aware of the whistle blowing act and as well as the policy for protecting the whistle blower. This circumstances prevented anyone within the organization to blow whistle about the unethical practice of price cut off. Mechanism to Protect the Whistle Blowers: There has been numerous laws and regulations in Australia for protecting the whistle blowers in any organization. It is found from the above case study that no one from within the organization blew the whistle to prevent the unwanted cut off of milks price. The first law that needs to be mentioned is the parliamentary act for the protection of the whistle blowers of the firm (Lee and Fargher 2013). The parliament of Australia took steps for the protection of whistle blowers since the year 1998 (Lewis 2013). Though various laws and the modification of the same the whistleblowing act has in short is aimed at the protection of the whistle blower in all circumstances. The law also encourages for engaging into the act of whistle blowing for preventing any firm from doing unethical practice. In the case of Murray Goulburn, the no one of the firm took the responsibilities to blow the whistle for the unethical practices of the corporate governance by the firm. The OECD along with its corporate governance principles, implies the norms for whistle blowers protection interns of encouraging the people of the organization to take necessary steps in needed. In according to the report of OECD the disclosure of the whistleblowers protection is created for preventing and reducing the corruption from the firms (Fasterling and Lewis 2014). On the other hand, the Australian Securities and Investment Commission (ASIC) also pays attention towards the protection of the whistle blowers as well as to the maintenance of the corporate governance of the organizations (Brown 2014). Insufficiency of Mechanisms: Despite the existence of the various laws and regulation for the protection of the whistle blowers of any firm, it is found that no one from within the organization raised voice against the unethical practice of the corporate governance of Murray Goulburn. There are many other example of the failure of the corporate governance in Australia and one of the fine and fair example is the case of the Fonterra from the dairy industry. In fact, it can be said that Murray Goulburn is the follower of Fonterra in terms of milks cut off price (Lockhart, Donaghy and Gow 2016). Therefore, the mechanisms for the protection of the whistle blowing can be considered as both ineffective and insufficient. The poor corporate performance is the result of improper maintenance of the corporate governance and ethics (Bushee, Carter and Gerakos 2013). In addition, no one took any step to prevent the unwanted corporate activities of the firm. The existence of the mechanisms for the protection and encouragement of the whistle blowers made no impact on the people of Murray Goulburn. It may be possible that the employees of the firm were aware of the activities but at the same time were afraid of the act of whistle blowing. Therefore, the mechanisms are not sufficient for protecting the various stakeholders of the firm. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded from the discussion on the case of Murray Goulburns failure of corporate governance and ethics that the firm does not properly follow the rules and regulation of the OECD principles of the corporate governance. The relationship between the firms corporate governance and the corporate performance is not effective and strong which has led the organization to disobey the basic ethics of the business in terms of the corporate governance. It has been found that there are various laws for the protection of the stakeholders in case of whistle blowing. However, it is also evident from the discussion in the report that in spite of the existence of various mechanisms for protecting the stakeholders, no one from within the organization raised voice for preventing the failure of the corporate governance and ethics of Murray Goulburn. Therefore, the following section present some recommendations to the firm as well as to the stakeholders to avoid such situation of c orporate governance failures. Recommendation: To avoid any such situations in near future this section of the report suggests some recommendations for all the organization operating its business in a broader context. Since the corporate performance is determined by the effectiveness of the corporate governance, the company must consider the importance of the same at the highest priority. The organization needs to maintain the OECD principles of the corporate governance properly by every means for protecting the rights and responsibilities of the firms stakeholders. On the other hand, the employees of the firm must be aware of the mechanisms that protects the whistle blowers of the organization in any situation. In addition, the organization must ensure the proper execution of its ethical consideration by all the employees for all the stakeholders. Along with this, the managerial implication also suggests that the managers of the firm must ensure the equal treatment of all the stakeholders in the organization in terms of avoiding any turnover as in the case of the Murray Goulburn References: Aebi, V., Sabato, G. and Schmid, M., 2012. Risk management, corporate governance, and bank performance in the financial crisis.Journal of Banking Finance,36(12), pp.3213-3226. Brown, A.J., 2014. Australian whistleblowing law reform debate hots up.Governance Directions,66(3), p.160. Bushee, B.J., Carter, M.E. and Gerakos, J., 2013. Institutional investor preferences for corporate governance mechanisms.Journal of Management Accounting Research,26(2), pp.123-149. Fasterling, B. and Lewis, D., 2014. Leaks, legislation and freedom of speech: How can the law effectively promote public?interest whistleblowing?.International Labour Review,153(1), pp.71-92. Fernando, A.C., 2012.Corporate Governance: Principles, Polices and Practices, 2/E. Pearson Education India. Gannon, ED., 2017.Dairy giant will struggle to regain trust. [online] Weeklytimesnow.com.au. Available at: https://www.weeklytimesnow.com.au/news/opinion/murray-goulburn-will-struggle-to-regain-farmer-trust-after-price-collapse/news-story/7d06b4422e70b5ac43a3d66ff478cd80 [Accessed 20 Nov. 2017]. Jasper, C., 2017.Canadian dairy giant Saputo to buy Murray Goulburn. [online] ABC Rural. Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/rural/2017-10-27/canadian-dairy-giant-saputo-to-buy-murray-goulburn/9083574 [Accessed 20 Nov. 2017]. Jasper, C., 2017.Dairy farmers still struggling a year on from price cuts. [online] ABC Rural. Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/rural/2017-04-27/dairy-farmers-still-struggling-a-year-on-from-price-cuts/8474302 [Accessed 20 Nov. 2017]. Lee, G. and Fargher, N., 2013. Companies use of whistle-blowing to detect fraud: An examination of corporate whistle-blowing policies.Journal of business ethics,114(2), pp.283-295. Lewis, D., 2013. Resolving whistleblowing disputes in the public interest: is tribunal adjudication the best that can be offered?.Industrial Law Journal,42(1), pp.35-53. Lockhart, J., Donaghy, D.J. and Gow, H., 2016. Milk price cuts reflect the reality of sweeping changes in global dairy market. Lockhart, J., Donaghy, D.J. and Gow, H., 2016. Murray Goulburn and Fonterra are playing chicken with dairy farmers. Tricker, R.B. and Tricker, R.I., 2015.Corporate governance: Principles, policies, and practices. Oxford University

Kitchen Essay Example

Kitchen Essay Kitchen By: Banana Yoshimoto Mikage Satsuki Growing up is tough; especially when you are alone and young. It forces you to fend for yourself against the world. Instead of playing with your friends, you spend your time figuring out where your next meal is coming from. Which is a sad and scary truth; few stop to think of these poor souls that get such an unfortunate fate. In Banana Yoshimoto’s Kitchen, the character Mikage undergoes many of changes, but one thing throughout this book that does not change is her love of kitchens. Her parents passed away when she was young and her grandmother raised her. When her grandmother also passed away, she became depressed, listless, and orphaned. In the beginning of the book she is lonely, since none of her blood relatives are still alive. After she moves in with the Tanabes, however, she finds the courage to face life again. She has a strong bond with kitchens; they seem to give her a calming feeling and help to ease her loneliness. Kitchens serve as a comfort for her. Throughout the course of this novel Kitchen, Banana Yoshimoto depicts Mikage as a person of great morals, who loves kitchens, and is incredibly strong-willed. In this novel Mikage appears to be an individualist who keeps her morals intact; her grandparents brought her up to be an accepting, gracious person. Mikage is a person of great temperance, although she is a little touchy about her relationship with Yoichi. She is also courageous for a person who lost her entire family, and, because she doesnt want to get hurt again, she distanced herself from other people. When was it I realized that, on this truly dark and solitary path we all walk, the only way we can light is our own? † (Yoshimoto, pg. 21). Her moral stature is apparent when Yoichi tells her that Eriko is a transgender, and instead of getting upset about it, she accepted it because she feels she can trust them. Her dominant traits are her love of cooking and her love of kitchens. These traits originate when her grandm other passes away; the hum of the refrigerator keeps her from feeling lonely. We will write a custom essay sample on Kitchen specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Kitchen specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Kitchen specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer So each night until she moves in with the Tanabes she curls up beside the refrigerator in her kitchen and goes to sleep. â€Å"Why do I love everything that has to do with kitchens so much? Its strange. Perhaps because to me a kitchen represents some distant longing engraved on my soul† (Yoshimoto, pg. 56). She teaches herself to cook, the summer after her grandmother passed away, at the Tanabes house. She buys three books and studies them, following all the directions in them. Subsequently, she becomes good at cooking and gets the job she has now as an assistant to a famous cooking teacher. Mikage is more of a rational person who knows her limits. At times, she can be emotional, but overall she thinks well on her feet and is a capable person. â€Å"However! I couldnt exist like that. Reality is wonderful. I thought of the money my grandmother had left me-just enough. The place was too big, too expensive, for one person. I had to look for another apartment† (Yoshimoto, pg. 5). Mikage handles change well; she might not like some things but she gets through them. For instance, her grandmother’s death was a great tragedy, but she got through it rationally, and she adapted very well to the Tanabes and their kindness. The author wants readers to know how tough Mikage is. She has had a rough go at life, but she still manages to stay strong; reading about her really appeals to the reader’s sympathetic side. Mikage appears to be a nice girl who has just been unlucky lately. Fortunately, when Yoichi comes into her life, she starts to open up more and realize that she is not alone. He struck just the right note, neither cold nor oppressively kind. It made me warm up to him ;†( Yoshimoto, pg. 11). Another thing about Mikage is that she is a fighter, and readers see that towards the end of the story, she fights for what she wants. At the beginning of this book Mikage is very guarded and lonely, but as the book progresses she becomes less guarded and more open to people who care about her. At the end of the book, Mikage becomes the o ne who comforts Yoichi, when his mom passes away. She becomes the center of his support system.

The Ethical Dilemma Of The Indian Barial Contoversy Essays

The Ethical Dilemma Of The Indian Barial Contoversy Grave desecration has been experiences in the United States for nearly two hundred tears without respect to Native Indians first amendment rights to freedom of religion. Indian spirituality is not free from ecology, they are part of the same system of the beliefs for Indians, and their spiritual beliefs are a significant part of their culture. Their beliefs operate in the present applying through space, to all people. Their views are global and everyone is perceived to live within these beliefs. Part of the spiritual/ecological process is confirmed within the role of their ancestors and traditions are held within these beliefs. American archeologists fell obligated to tell the story of pre-historic American peoples. Using scientific methods they trace through time within the study of ancient burials. They can accumulate data as to disease patterns, diet, environment, cultural, demographics and population changes. The continued uses of skeletal remains are detrimental to them, as research methods are updated and fields of interest evolve. Without hard resources, their work may come into question because they will have no original data source to state their claims of science and their research may come into question. Looking at science (archeology) as a belief system, they too are entitled to their first amendment right. Since prehistoric times, Native Americans have kept their stories alive without the written record but rather through oral tradition. Stories are handed down to generation after generation, and their ancestors buried are mistaken, by archeologists, as prehistoric peoples that have hidden secrets. Come of the natives do not see the benefit that archeology provides, because they are already aware of the cultural details that are unveiled through desecration. Since Indian values conflict with archeology, very few Indian students pursue it as a potential profession; while the archeologist view their research as beneficial to both traditions. Archeologists value what is a basic human right to the Indians established religious beliefs and practices regarding the dead. The gap between them needs to be bridged in order to resolve this on going dispute. One example between them is the Navajo Nation Archeological Department (NNAD). The NNAD's long-term objective is to train Navajos as archeologists and eliminate any non-Indians from the program, But does this lead to conflict of interest set by the traditional belief system of the Navajo? With any sort of compromise, both traditions may find a deeper understanding of American prehistory. Our understanding may become richer when archeological method works with traditional Native perspective to tell us this ongoing story that we are all a part of. Euro-Americans have been the dominant society for a long time. The Indian dead has been looted and put to the test, while their oral traditions have been discredited through archeology. This ethical dilemma is viewed as non-renewable archeological resources, while denying equal protection under the law. Archeologists may benefit from the reburial actions of cultural presentation by bring the motion to their static view, while Indians may also find traditions that were left untold. Can there be a successful bridge to fill the gaps of both traditions order to preserve history and respect ancestors? Anthropology

The Social Transformation of American Medicine

The Social Transformation of American Medicine Starr divides the history of medicine into two books in order to emphasize two separate movements in the development of American medicine. The first movement was the rise of professional sovereignty and the second was the transformation of medicine into an industry, with corporations taking a large role. A Sovereign Profession In the first book, Starr begins with a look at the shift from domestic medicine in early America when the family wants the locus of care of the sick to the shift towards the professionalization of medicine in the late 1700s. Not all were accepting, however, as lay healers in the early 1800s saw the medical profession as nothing but privilege and took a hostile stance to it. But then medical schools began to emerge and proliferate during the mid-1800s and medicine was quickly becoming a profession with licensures, codes of conduct, and professional fees. The rise of hospitals and the introduction of telephones and better modes of transportation made physicians accessible and acceptable. In this book, Starr also discusses the consolidation of professional authority and the changing social structure of physicians in the nineteenth century. For instance, before the 1900s, the role of the doctor did not have a clear class position, as there was a lot of inequality. Doctors did not earn much and a physician’s status depended largely on their family’s status. In 1864, however, the first meeting of the American Medical Association was held in which they raised and standardized requirements for medical degrees as well as enacted a code of ethics, giving the medical profession a higher social status. Reform of medical education began around 1870 and continued through the 1800s. Starr also examines the transformation of American hospitals throughout history and how they have become central institutions in medical care. This happened in a series of three phases. First was the formation of voluntary hospitals that were operated by charitable lay boards and public hospitals that were operated by municipalities, counties, and the federal government. Then, beginning in the 1850s, a variety of more â€Å"particularistic† hospitals formed that were primarily religious or ethnic institutions that specialized in certain diseases or categories of patients. Third was the advent and spread of profit-making hospitals, which are operated by physicians and corporations. As the hospital system has evolved and changed, so has the role of the nurse, physician, surgeon, staff, and patient, which Starr also examines. In the final chapters of book one, Starr examines dispensaries and their evolvement over time, the three phases of public health and the rise of new specialty clinics, and the resistance to the corporatization of medicine by doctors. He concludes with a discussion of the five major structural changes in the distribution of power that played a major role in the social transformation of American medicine:1. The emergence of an informal control system in medical practice resulting from the growth of specialization and hospitals.2. Stronger collective organization and authority/the control of labor markets in medical care.3. The profession secured a special dispensation from the burdens of hierarchy of the capitalist enterprise. No â€Å"commercialism† in medicine was tolerated and much of the capital investment required for medical practice was socialized.4. The elimination of countervailing power in medical care.5. The establishment of specific spheres of professional authority. The Struggle for Medical Care The second half of The Social Transformation of American Medicine focuses on the transformation of medicine into an industry and the growing role of corporations and the state in the medical system. Starr begins with a discussion on how social insurance came about, how it evolved into a political issue, and why America lagged behind other countries with regards to health insurance. He then examines how the New Deal and the Depression affected and shaped insurance at the time. The birth of Blue Cross in 1929 and Blue Shield several years later really paved the way for health insurance in America because it reorganized medical care on a prepaid, comprehensive basis. This was the first time that â€Å"group hospitalization† was introduced and provided a practical solution for those who could not afford typical private insurance of the time. Shortly after, health insurance emerged as a benefit received via employment, which reduced the likelihood that only the sick would buy insurance and it reduced the large administrative costs of individually sold policies. Commercial insurance expanded and the character of the industry changed, which Starr discusses. He also examines the key events that formed and shaped the insurance industry, including World War II, politics, and social and political movements (such as the women’s rights movement). Starr’s discussion of the evolution and transformation of the American medical and insurance system ends in the late 1970s. A lot has changed since then, but for a very thorough and well-written look at how medicine has changed throughout history in the United States up until 1980, The Social Transformation of American Medicine is the book to read. This book is the winner of the 1984 Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction, which in my opinion is well deserved. References Starr, P. (1982). The Social Transformation of American Medicine. New York, NY: Basic Books.

7 days in the art world Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

7 days in the art world - Coursework Example There is the element of dilemma through the book to an extent that the reader the at the end of the book the reader still yarns for more in order to understand the reasons as to why some arts are more valued than others. It truly offers the "elegant, evocative, sardonic view into some of the art worlds most prestigious institutions." It brings out in someone the desire to understand and know more about the hidden quirkiness of the area of interest. Bringing out the inner cycles of the inner art world through the hope of drawing and capturing the attention of the affluent collectors, dealers, curators, and advisers surrounding the scene of art in the contemporary society (Sarah, 174). The most intriguing part of the story is the shift from one chapter to the next with a view of an art from outside. As such, she puts forward an idea that her work is beyond simply the questions of who make, market, sell and buy art. Rather her scope is to put forth the idea of good work as is seen in her saying that; "why mention, in acknowledgments, that you talked to them at all? No one likes a tease." The work has also bagged major art warriors such as Nicholas Serota and Philippe Segalot. The portrayal of religious matters of the art does not guide well her well-chosen structure of work hence breaking the art world down. The light she sheds son the characters especially those of religious scripts does not truly conform to the kind of religion one would expect from such characters. Her eye for telling only the detailed circumstances just as much as a journalist would, is circumstantially devoted to ascertaining skewed attention towards some features and ignoring some details. Just to point out, in the studio several passports and visas are spotted by her together with entry and exit stamps, this is used to symbolize the international trade that goes on in the arena of art. The